diff --git a/src/database.rs b/src/database.rs
index 0b9d49a0..bf22a0a3 100644
--- a/src/database.rs
+++ b/src/database.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use std::{
 use ruma::{
     events::{push_rules::PushRulesEvent, GlobalAccountDataEventType},
     push::Ruleset,
-    EventId, OwnedRoomId, OwnedUserId, RoomId, UserId,
+    EventId, OwnedRoomId, RoomId, UserId,
 };
 use tracing::{debug, error, info, info_span, warn, Instrument};
 
@@ -233,8 +233,6 @@ pub(crate) struct KeyValueDatabase {
     pub(super) senderkey_pusher: Arc<dyn KvTree>,
 
     // Uncategorized trees
-    pub(super) our_real_users_cache:
-        RwLock<HashMap<OwnedRoomId, Arc<HashSet<OwnedUserId>>>>,
     pub(super) appservice_in_room_cache:
         RwLock<HashMap<OwnedRoomId, HashMap<String, bool>>>,
     pub(super) lasttimelinecount_cache: Mutex<HashMap<OwnedRoomId, PduCount>>,
@@ -456,7 +454,6 @@ impl KeyValueDatabase {
             global: builder.open_tree("global")?,
             server_signingkeys: builder.open_tree("server_signingkeys")?,
 
-            our_real_users_cache: RwLock::new(HashMap::new()),
             appservice_in_room_cache: RwLock::new(HashMap::new()),
             lasttimelinecount_cache: Mutex::new(HashMap::new()),
         };
diff --git a/src/database/key_value/rooms/state_cache.rs b/src/database/key_value/rooms/state_cache.rs
index 115511eb..78ee1fb7 100644
--- a/src/database/key_value/rooms/state_cache.rs
+++ b/src/database/key_value/rooms/state_cache.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::{collections::HashSet, sync::Arc};
+use std::collections::HashSet;
 
 use ruma::{
     events::{AnyStrippedStateEvent, AnySyncStateEvent},
@@ -101,7 +101,10 @@ impl service::rooms::state_cache::Data for KeyValueDatabase {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn update_joined_count(&self, room_id: &RoomId) -> Result<()> {
+    fn update_joined_count(
+        &self,
+        room_id: &RoomId,
+    ) -> Result<HashSet<OwnedUserId>> {
         let mut joinedcount = 0_u64;
         let mut invitedcount = 0_u64;
         let mut joined_servers = HashSet::new();
@@ -129,11 +132,6 @@ impl service::rooms::state_cache::Data for KeyValueDatabase {
         self.roomid_invitedcount
             .insert(room_id.as_bytes(), &invitedcount.to_be_bytes())?;
 
-        self.our_real_users_cache
-            .write()
-            .unwrap()
-            .insert(room_id.to_owned(), Arc::new(real_users));
-
         for old_joined_server in
             self.room_servers(room_id).filter_map(Result::ok)
         {
@@ -168,28 +166,7 @@ impl service::rooms::state_cache::Data for KeyValueDatabase {
 
         self.appservice_in_room_cache.write().unwrap().remove(room_id);
 
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[tracing::instrument(skip(self))]
-    fn get_our_real_users(
-        &self,
-        room_id: &RoomId,
-    ) -> Result<Arc<HashSet<OwnedUserId>>> {
-        let lookup = Lookup::OurRealUsers;
-
-        let maybe =
-            self.our_real_users_cache.read().unwrap().get(room_id).cloned();
-        if let Some(users) = maybe {
-            METRICS.record_lookup(lookup, FoundIn::Cache);
-            Ok(users)
-        } else {
-            self.update_joined_count(room_id)?;
-            METRICS.record_lookup(lookup, FoundIn::Database);
-            Ok(Arc::clone(
-                self.our_real_users_cache.read().unwrap().get(room_id).unwrap(),
-            ))
-        }
+        Ok(real_users)
     }
 
     #[tracing::instrument(
diff --git a/src/service.rs b/src/service.rs
index 9abbfeaf..5ba3aa3d 100644
--- a/src/service.rs
+++ b/src/service.rs
@@ -159,9 +159,7 @@ impl Services {
                         (100.0 * config.cache_capacity_modifier) as usize,
                     )),
                 },
-                state_cache: rooms::state_cache::Service {
-                    db,
-                },
+                state_cache: rooms::state_cache::Service::new(db),
                 state_compressor: rooms::state_compressor::Service {
                     db,
                     #[allow(
diff --git a/src/service/rooms/state_cache.rs b/src/service/rooms/state_cache.rs
index 980998a7..f3e6144c 100644
--- a/src/service/rooms/state_cache.rs
+++ b/src/service/rooms/state_cache.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-use std::{collections::HashSet, sync::Arc};
+use std::{
+    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+    sync::{Arc, RwLock},
+};
 
 use ruma::{
     events::{
@@ -12,19 +15,32 @@ use ruma::{
 };
 use tracing::warn;
 
-use crate::{service::appservice::RegistrationInfo, services, Error, Result};
+use crate::{
+    observability::{FoundIn, Lookup, METRICS},
+    service::appservice::RegistrationInfo,
+    services, Error, Result,
+};
 
 mod data;
 
 pub(crate) use data::Data;
 
 pub(crate) struct Service {
-    pub(crate) db: &'static dyn Data,
+    db: &'static dyn Data,
+    our_real_users_cache:
+        RwLock<HashMap<OwnedRoomId, Arc<HashSet<OwnedUserId>>>>,
 }
 
 type RoomsLeft = (OwnedRoomId, Vec<Raw<AnySyncStateEvent>>);
 
 impl Service {
+    pub(crate) fn new(db: &'static dyn Data) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            db,
+            our_real_users_cache: RwLock::new(HashMap::new()),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Update current membership data.
     #[tracing::instrument(skip(self, last_state))]
     pub(crate) fn update_membership(
@@ -283,8 +299,18 @@ impl Service {
     }
 
     #[tracing::instrument(skip(self, room_id))]
-    pub(crate) fn update_joined_count(&self, room_id: &RoomId) -> Result<()> {
-        self.db.update_joined_count(room_id)
+    pub(crate) fn update_joined_count(
+        &self,
+        room_id: &RoomId,
+    ) -> Result<Arc<HashSet<OwnedUserId>>> {
+        let our_real_users = Arc::new(self.db.update_joined_count(room_id)?);
+
+        self.our_real_users_cache
+            .write()
+            .unwrap()
+            .insert(room_id.to_owned(), our_real_users.clone());
+
+        Ok(our_real_users)
     }
 
     #[tracing::instrument(skip(self, room_id))]
@@ -292,7 +318,20 @@ impl Service {
         &self,
         room_id: &RoomId,
     ) -> Result<Arc<HashSet<OwnedUserId>>> {
-        self.db.get_our_real_users(room_id)
+        let lookup = Lookup::OurRealUsers;
+
+        if let Some(our_real_users) =
+            self.our_real_users_cache.read().unwrap().get(room_id).cloned()
+        {
+            METRICS.record_lookup(lookup, FoundIn::Cache);
+            return Ok(our_real_users);
+        }
+
+        let our_real_users = self.update_joined_count(room_id)?;
+
+        METRICS.record_lookup(lookup, FoundIn::Database);
+
+        Ok(our_real_users)
     }
 
     #[tracing::instrument(skip(self, room_id, appservice))]
diff --git a/src/service/rooms/state_cache/data.rs b/src/service/rooms/state_cache/data.rs
index 5369e42f..a265f99c 100644
--- a/src/service/rooms/state_cache/data.rs
+++ b/src/service/rooms/state_cache/data.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::{collections::HashSet, sync::Arc};
+use std::collections::HashSet;
 
 use ruma::{
     events::{AnyStrippedStateEvent, AnySyncStateEvent},
@@ -23,12 +23,10 @@ pub(crate) trait Data: Send + Sync {
     ) -> Result<()>;
     fn mark_as_left(&self, user_id: &UserId, room_id: &RoomId) -> Result<()>;
 
-    fn update_joined_count(&self, room_id: &RoomId) -> Result<()>;
-
-    fn get_our_real_users(
+    fn update_joined_count(
         &self,
         room_id: &RoomId,
-    ) -> Result<Arc<HashSet<OwnedUserId>>>;
+    ) -> Result<HashSet<OwnedUserId>>;
 
     fn appservice_in_room(
         &self,